Photographic camera.



No. 855,004. PATENTED MAY 28, 1907. L. J. R. HULST & L9.. BORSUM. PHOTGRAPHIG GAMERA.

unieuro! FILED APn.1o,19oe.

' SHEETS-SHEET 1.

.No- 855,004. PATENTE!) MAY 28, 190'?. L. J. R. HULST & L. BORSUM.

PHOTOGRAPHIG- CAMERA.

APPLICATION FILED APE. 10,1906.

s SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A 7TOHNE Y A PUBMED MAY 2a, 19o?.

L. J. R. HULSTl a L. BoBsUM. PHOTOGRAPHIG GAMERA.

APPLICATION FILED LPBAO, 190B.

`a anne-surf s.

. ATTORNEY which a mirror arranged at an angle receives y prove 'the construction of the camera body vgoby it.

4o the film rolls are carried in front of the focal 5o departing from this invention.

-of Plainfield,

-for focusing 1s shown in a form which experience has dern- 4 5 .onstrated to UNITED sTATEs PATENT AoEEIcE.

LoDEwYKuAN RUTGER EoLsT, or NEW YORK, N. Y., AND Louis BoEsUM,

or PLAINEIELD, NEw JERsEY. l

PHOTOGRAPHIG CAMERA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 28, 190.7.

To a/ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, LODEWYK JAN RUT- GER HoLsT, of the borough of Brooklyn, city and State of New York, and LOUIS BoRsUM, county of Union, State of New Jersey, citizens of the United States of America, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Photographic Cameras, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that classV of cameras in which the vimage to be photogra hed is thrown by the objective upon a surface that reflects to the yeye of the operator, or upon a visible focusing surface. The most common form of such cameras isthat in the. image and reflects it upwardly to a horizontally disposed focusing ground glass.

The objects of this invention are to imand to combine therewith a lens shutter capable of such manipulation as to ermit focusing 'by the lens or objective an then, immediately following, the taking of the picture, and restoration of the lens opening l after the reflecting surface has been `returned to normal position in which the sensitized surface is protected from light A further feature is that the shutter is constructed to afford both snap shots and time ex osures.

sually in cameras of the type to which this invention relates, focal plane shutters have been employed.

` The invention has been shown ap lied to a style of camera in which is expose a continuous length of sensitized film and in which lane.

The invention further constitutes an imrovement upon that style of camera; and

be efficient. Obviously, however, it may be embodied in other forms; that is to say, the structural elements may be varied within the scope of the appended claims by those skilled inthe art without n the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a vertical lon itudinalsection on the line l, 1, of Fig. 2: ig). 2, a rear view with the back plate of the ox and adjacent interior I a detail front hinged flap removed: Fig. 3,

late removed,

elevation with the front showing the shutter mechanism in the nor- I mal focusing position: Fig. 4, a like view showing the parts in position with the objective covered before the exposure has occurred: Fig. 5, a like view after the exposure has been ma'de and before the shutter actuating lever has been released: Fig. 6, a like view showing the parts adjusted for a time exposure: Fig. 7, a horizontal section on the line 7, 7, of Fig. l: Fig. 8, a perspective view of the camera.-

The camera com rises an inner art or section a fitting an sliding endwise into an outer box or casing b having a door c retained by a latch d at the top Iand adapted to swing downwardly (Fig. l) to permit the withdrawal of the inner vsection (L. front, the box has a partition e with a central exposure opening f and upon which is mounted the shutter mechanism access to which is afforded by a removable front cover g having an exposure opening h The inner section comprises, at the front, a block i in which is mounted the objective j. At the sides of the block are recesses lc (dotted lines, Fig. 7) to receiveiilm rolls or `cartridges m, also indicatedby dotted lines. The film passes from the supply'roll along the sides of the inner section across the focal plane at n, that is to say, just inside of a hinged flap o having an aperture p opposite a ruby glass coveredA aperture gin the rear door or wall c of the outer casing, from whence the film passes to the winding spool or reel.

The construction described is that of a familiar type of camera one form of which is known as the Brownie with the exception thatin the ordinary Brownie, the objective is usually carried by the partition e, whereas in the drawing, it is shown as carried by the block i forming part of the inner removable section a. The upper wall of the inner section has a focusing opening r of suitable dimensions above which, seated in an opening in the outer case b, is a focusing ground glass s. In front of the focal plane n there is a ture or frame comprising an o en rear vertical part t an upwardly inc 'ned bottom prart u and triangular side pieces o. The

ont of this structure t, a, c, is normally closed by a mirror w hinged at the top as at triangular box-liked struc- Near the and so mounted and arranged that when in normal position, as in Fig. 1, light is prevented from entering the structure t, u, '0,-

that is to say, not'allowed to reach the focal plane in which the sensitized film or other sensitized surface-may be standing. To the front edge of the mirror is attached a rearwardly inclined plate y that passes beneath ;the plate u ini-close proximityto and in sub- 'upwardly the pencil of light from the lens passes through the o ening z to the focal plane as will be wel understood. When v the mirror is down, as in Fig. 1, the plate y overlaps the wall or plate u excluding light 'from the focal plane during the focusing operation. If the lens opening be unobstructed, the image to be photogra hed is thrown 'u on the mirror w dispose at an angle of orty-five degrees and is reflected l upwardly upon the focusing glass s.

To prevent access of light entering through the ground glass to sensitized film passing along the sides ofthe inner section of the camera, light-excluding flexible curtains 1 pasted, or otherwise applied, to the upper wall of the section a at its side edges extend downwardly (Fig. 2), the film passing between them and the side walls of the section a.

It will now be in order to describe the devices by which suitable observation of the image thrown upon the focusing glass is afforded; and then the shutter mechanism which has a novel mode of operation making it particularly applicable to cameras of the type cited at the beginning of this speciication and 'of which that described and shown in the drawings is an illustration.

Hingedto the top of the outer casing, near the front, isa hood consisting of a top plate 2, side plates 3 of ap ropriate dimensions, which extend down a ong the sides of' the outer casing, and an end plate 4 having in it av suitable observation opening 5.

Hinged near the back of the to plate is anindependently movable part o the observation hood comprising a late- 6 and side pieces 7 also adapted to fol down upon the top of the camera inside of the hood part 1, 2, 3. Attached at one end to the outer or upper edge of the plate 6. is a tape passing through observation opening 5 and attached at its other end to the top of the outer casing near its rear edge. When folded the plate 6 lies flat upon the outer box and the plate .2 folds'down flat upon plate 6.

To adjust the apparatus for focusing the picture, the hood section 2, 3, is raised by n sans of the tape 8 attached to the inner or secondarypart of the hood 6, 7, the parts assuming t en the position shown'in Fig. 1.

' of different diameter 26, 27, 28, 29.

The ground glass may now be clearly viewed through the observation opening 5.

The shutter is mounted upon the partition e. Itis of such character that the lens opening is normally open or unobstructedfor focusing. In the initial movement of the shutter, the lens opening is closed, then, by means time exposure, the operation is the same except that, after the mirror is raised, the lens opening remains unobstructed until the shutter operating lever is released. In either case, means may be provided for affording a variety of stops. A spring 9, shown in dotted lines, Fig. l, normally tends by its reaction to hold the mirror in normal position to close the front opening of the structure t, u, o. A. cord 10 attached to the side of the mirror frame extends through an aperture in the top plate of the inner-section of the camera and from thence to one end of an elbow lever 11 (Figs. 1 and 7) pivoted at 12, the shorter en d 13 of which projects through a slot at the upper edge of partition e.

The shutter proper is composed of two segmental plates one, 14, overlying the other, 15, and both ivoted upon a common axis 16. On a projection 17 from plate 15 is pivoted a spring pressed elbow latch 18 normally engag'ed with a projection 19 on shutter plate 14 and, as long as the latch and projection are in engagement, the two plates swing together about their axis. The -outer plate 14 has in it an opening 20 and the under plate has in it two openings,-ene, 21, normally co-inciding with the opening in plate 14, and" another 22. In normal position, as viewed in Fig. 3, the openings 20, 21 are coincident and op osite the lens opening f. The rotatable dislr) 23, pivoted at 24, in a projection 25 extending fromthe upper edge' of shutter plate 15 has a series of stop openings It will be disregarded for the moment since it may or may not be used. Aspring 30, applied around the axis or post 16 upon which the two shutter, plates are pivotedand bearing at its free end upon a lug 31 on the edge of the outer shutter plate 14, tends by its reaction to throw such outer plate upwardly but is normally prevented from doing so by engagement of stop 19 by latch 18.l A link 32 extends from the pivot post of latch 18 to a post or pin 83 on an angular lever 34 pivoted at 35. 'A plied to the same post 33 is a link .36 pivote at its free upper end to a link 37 intermediate the ends of the latter. The up- IOO IIO

per end of link 37 is pivoted at 38, to one arm of 'a bell-crank shutter operating lever 39 'l'pivoted at 40 and whose other arm projects through a slot in the side of the camera case. The lower end of link 37 Vhas a lateral projection 41 that seats in a notch 42 in the edgeof link 36 and is normally pressed thereinto by the reaction of a spring43. In the opposite edge of link 37 near its upper end is a' recess 44 in which is-normally seated a projec- V tion 45 on the edge of the inner arm of belltion shown in Fig. 3..

. Mounted-to slide horizontally adjacent the upper wall of the camera box is a plate 52 slotted at one end to embrace and be guided by post 48, and having at itsopposite end a vertically slotted downward projection 53 in the slot of which works a pin 54 on the side of ing end of elbow latch 18.

the inner arm of bell crank shutter operating lever 39. A projection 55 from the upper edge of plate 52 is placed to act at the proper time upon the arm 13 of the mirror lifting lever already described: and in the lower edge this plate is formed with a recess 56 into which projects the end of a lever 57 pivoted at 58 and having its lower end extending into operative relation to a pin 59 on the project- The parts being in the normal position shown in-Fig. 3 and the picture having been l focused upon the ground glass, the operator depresses the end of the shutter operating lever 39, and links 36, 37, act to draw up angular lever 34, the eHectof which is to impart `an end thrust to link 32 causing bothshutter 'plates 14, 15,4 to rock downwardly into the position shown in Fig. 4 in which opening 22 i in shutter plate `15 1s co-incident with the lens opening and is covered by the solid part of plate 14. During this movement projection 55 on plate 52 has reached contact with arm 13 of the mirror lifting lever, and further movement of bellcrank lever 39 elevates the mirror to a position substantiallyparallel with thel round glass. The curved arm 46 has been t own upwardly, links 36,37, have been drawn into: alinement with the axis 40 of the shutter'operating lever and thewall'of W- the recess 56 in plate 52 has moved the lower end of lever 57 into contact with pin- 59 on latch 18. The lateral projection 45 at the edge of the inner arm of bell-crank operating lever39 has, in the position shown in Fig. 4, seated in the recess in the side of link 37. In

these positions, of the various parts, the pro-4 post 19with latch 18.

jecting end of lever 39 may be still further depressed, link 37 now rocking independently of link 36 so that the lower end of the former swings away from the side of the latter. Such 'further movement of lever 39 produces, by means of a pinion-and-slot connection 53, 54, a further endwise .movement of plate 52,- the edect of which is to cause lever 57 to trip latch 18 when the outer shutter plate under .the reaction of its spring 30 flies upwardly, in its passage exposing the lens as its opening 20 passes in iront of openin 22 in the under plate 15. The exposure aving been made, lever 39 is released, and reaction of spring 51 returns all parts to normal position. v Inthis return movement,flrst the rojection 55 moves away from the end 13 o the 'mirror-lifting lever permitting reaction of spring 9 (Fig. l) to restore Ithe mirror to its normal lo'wermost position. This occurs before projection 50 on curved arm 46 has carried the outer shutter plate 14 down and before link 32 has drawn plate 15 up to again expose the lens opening and to re-engage The variable stop disk 23 rotatable about axis 24, carried by the underpplate 15 has stop openingswhich coincide when an exposure is made with the lens opening of the, camera. When the parts are in normal position' as in Fig. 3, the edge of the diskmay pro- -ject slightly for convenience of adjustment.

For time `exposures a stop lever 60 pivoted upon post 48 maybe turned into the position shown in Fig. 6, when, on depression of. the shutter operating lever and release of the upper shutter section 14`from its latch 18, the. stop lever limits its movement,under the reaction of its spring, toits normal position. Otherwise the `operation is as `already de.- scribed, and on release of the shutter operat- ICO ing lever, the parts return automatically to normal positions as in Fig. y3 for the focusing of another picture; Obviously, the details of construction of the shutter maybe varied Without departing from the principles of this invention or materially chan ing the sequence of operations' through whichthe shutter mechanism passes on the movement of its actuating device. Of

course, it is immaterial whether the. camera be eqilipped for iilm rolls-or for plates or packs.

The observation hood may be variedfbyI those skilled in the art .Without departing from its principal characteristic which re-A sides in the use of oppositely folding partseach of which folds respectively toward the hinge oi' .the otheriand one of which is inclosed within the other when folded.

The objective opening is considered to be the passageway in which the objective is located and through which light passes to the reflecting surface, or to the focal plane. Permitting or preventing such passage of light,

or theopening and closing orcovering and uncovering, of this opening is effected by the shutter whether it Vbe located in front 'or in rear of the objective.

We claim as our invention:

i.4 A photographic camera comprising an outer section, an inner -section removably seated therein and formed ywith receptacles, in front of the focal plane, for the film spools and light excluding side pieces between which and the sides of the-inner section, the film travels, an angularly disposed focusing mirror and-a focusing glass, above the mirror, in the top of the outer section,.combined with an objective, and with a shutter having openings .throulgh which focusing and exposure are eecte 2. Aphotographiccamera comprising a reflecting surface normally protecting the focal 4plane from light andvadapted to be moved out of the way for the4 urpose of making an exposure, an objective y which ictures are focused and taken, combined Wit a shutter having an opening normally in register with the objective for the purpose of focusing, a shutter actuating device and operative connections between it and the reflecting surface whereby the latter maybe moved from and returned to normal position, said shutter comprising means acting initially'to close the focusing o ening, means for uncovering and covering t e obj ectivef for making an exposure after the reflecting surface has been raised, and means for restoring the shutter to normal focusing rposition after the reflecting surface is in normal position.

3. A. photographic camera comprising a reflecting surface normally rotecting the focal plane from the pencil of) light entering through the objective and means for moving the reliecting surface to uncover the focal lane, combined with shutter mechanism aving two' swinging overlying shutter plates normally locked to movetogetlierand aving co-incident apertures normally coincident with the objective opening, means whereby, on the actuation of the shutter to take a picture, the shutter plates'are moved v to cover the objective openi means acting after such movement of the s utter plates to move the reflecting surface to uncover thev c focal plane'and means for then tripping the outer plate and means for swinging it so that the 4.objective opening may be uncovered Vvfor the taking of afpicturewhen the aperture in such outerplate passes across apio-ture taking aperture in-theinner plate.

4. A- photographic camera comprising a' structure for normallyexcluding lightfrom the focal pla-ne consisting -of-side pieces vand bottom piece ma reflecting surface normally closing the rear opening'of such structure fagainst admission of light, hinged at its upper edge and carrying at its lower edge a plate 'y with an exposure opening z therein 'ating lever, -a tri normally lying under the plate u, whereby when the reflecting surface is swung upwardly the focal plane is exposed to the pencil of light from Uthe obj ectivepassing through the exposure opening in the plate y.

5. A photographic camera comprising the combination of an angularly disposed hinged reflecting mirror normally seated to prevent passage of light from. the objective to the focal plane, a spring whose reaction tends to keep the mirror so seated,`a lever for swinging the lmirror upwardly and an operative connection between it and themirr0r,'combined. with objective shutter devices comprising overlyin shutter plates throu h openings in whic the objective is normay exposed and the under one of which plates has also .a picture'exposure opening, means whereby thel shutter, when actuated for the taking of a picture, first moves the overlyingl shutter plates are moved to cover the objective opening and to bring an exposure opening in; the underlying plate co-incident to the objective opening, means whereby on further movement of the shutter controlling lever the means for moving the reflecting surface are actuated to move the surface to uncover the focalvplane and means whereby on continued movement of the shutter actuatin lever the outer shutter plate is tripped a'n .movedso that the aperture therein passes over the exposure aperture in the underlying shutter plate vand. means whereby on reverse movement of the shutter mechanism toward normal Aposition the reflecting surface is restored to normal position and the shutter plates to normal overlying position with o0- inciden-t apertures therein opposite the objective o ning.

7. A otographic camera comprising an IOO IIS

a lary dis osed reflecting mirror norma ly-protecting, but capable of'movement' touncover, thel ocal plane, combined witha shutterv comprising-normally overlying shutter plates normally locked to move together about a common axis, a swin arm, a link connection'between it and one o the shutter plates, a shutter actuatinglever and a jointed link connection between it and said swinging arm, apart moved bythe shutter actudevice for disconnecting the two shutter p ates and a spring for then automatically swinging the outer plate relatively to the inner one.

8. A camera'comprising a reflecting surface normally seated to protect the f ocal plane from light and movable to permit access of light zfrom the objective to the focal plane, combined with a shutter comprising overlying apertured plates normally latched together to swing as one about a common axis, apivoted'arm, a thrust link between it and one of the shutter plates, a shutter actuating lever and a jointed link connection between it and vsaid swinging arm, a part actuated by the lever and altripping device controlled by said part to unlatch or disconnect the two shutter plates,'the combination being and operatinso that on, the actuation of the shutter to ta e a picture iirst, the objective opening is closed by the swingingof the two shutter plates, second, the reflecting surface moved to uncover the focal plane and finally the' jointed link connection between Ithe swinging arm and shutter actuating lever ilexes upon its joint to permit a further movement of the arm and the actuation of the trip device7 whereby the outer shutter plate is released from the inner one and swings to carry its aperture past anfexposure aperture in the inner plate.

9. A photo aphicl camera comprising a reflecting s ace normally protecting the focal plane from the entrance of light through the objective, means for moving the surface to be taken, combined with shutter mechanism comprising a shutter actuatiu lever, a

swinging arm, a two-part jointed ink connection between the lever and swmglng arm,

a thrust link connected with the swinging arm, two shutter plates one 'overlying the other and formed with apertures normally co-incident with the objective opening and the under plate having an independent eX- posure aperture, a latch normally locking the two plates together, so .that they move as one, a connection between one of the plates and said thrust link, a tripping device `for tripping the latch connection between the two plates, a part moved by the shutter lever provided with means for Imoving the reflecting surface to uncover the focal plane and for tripping the latch connectin the two shutter plates, a spring applied to t e outer shutter plate 'for moving it independently of the other one and an-arm pivoted to saidswinging arm and acting to restore the outer shutter plate to normal position after -an exposure, the combination being and operating substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names. A ,LODEWYK JAN RUTGER HOLST.

LOUIS BORSUM. Witnesses: l.

-L-. F. BROWNING, EDWARD C. DAvIDsoN. 

